"Civil Rights Protection" Association

Adress; Rruga Jordan Misja Nr 41/1/6, Tirane, Albania, 001-226-868-0282, Website www.mdcalbania.com, Email info-mdc@hotmail.com , ilirloka@mdcalbania.com .

President;   Ilir Loka, Tel; 001-226-868-0282, Email ilirloka@mdcalbania.com

Vice President; Albert Gjoka, Tel. 00355692851038, Email info-mdc@hotmail.com

Director General; Alba Kreka, Email info-mdc@hotmail.com

President for North America, (USA and Canada), Luan Ceka, Email luanceka@gmail.com  

President for Human Rights in Middle East, Narges Osman; Tel:001-519-993-1912, Email nosman@mdcalbania.com . Statement

President for Human Rights in Africa, Fouad Ahmed, Tel: 001-519-497-3377, Email fahmed@mdcalbania.com . Statement

An Introduction to Human Rights    

All human beings, by virtue of their humanity, possess certain inherent rights, regardless of their actions, personal attributes, and belonging to (or exclusion from) a specific group. Human rights are innate; they are not conferred on people by the government, and thus the government is not entitled to deny them or violate them without justification. The role of the state in the protection of rights is twofold: on the one hand, the state is under an obligation to avoid unjustifiably infringing human rights, such as freedom of movement, freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, freedom of expression, and the right to privacy; on the other hand, the state must adopt certain measures and take action to protect human rights, such as the right to life and bodily integrity, the right to security, and the right to dignity, and to ensure that all residents and citizens of the state enjoy adequate living conditions and access to basic social services.

It is customary to divide human rights into the following groups: 
 

Civil and Political Rights:

The right to life and personal safety

The right to dignity

The right to liberty

The right to equality

The right to due process

Social and Economic Rights:

The right to work, and the right to just and favorable working conditions

The right to a decent standard of living

The right to adequate housing

The right to education

The right to health

Sometimes there is a clash between different rights. Thus, for example, freedom of expression is liable to conflict with the right to privacy, or the right to property might conflict with the right to equality. On other occasions, rights can clash with the public interest. In many cases, the field of human rights entails striking a balance between different rights and interests. 
 

 Human Rights and International Law

Human rights are recognized under international law as universal rights to which each and every person is entitled. The significance of this recognition is that human rights lie above and beyond any particular nation's laws or control. A demand that a country refrain from violating human rights, therefore, cannot be considered intervention in the internal affairs of that country.
Numerous documents on human rights were composed worldwide throughout the second half of the 20th century with the aim of defining a system of norms and standards for which there is widespread international agreement. The following is a survey of the most prominent of these documents.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the first universal statement on the basic principles of inalienable human rights, was passed by the UN on December 10, 1948, in the wake of the atrocities of the Second World War and the rampant violation of the human rights of millions of individuals. A majority of the world's nations signed the declaration, and since then December 10 has been observed worldwide as Human Rights Day.
Although the UN document is not binding on the member nations, it serves as a source of inspiration for human rights activities, and it is considered the fundamental document defining the entire body of recognized human rights.
The declaration opens with an affirmation of "the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family." Its thirty articles describe each of these human rights, which include the right to life, liberty, and personal security; a ban on slavery and torture or cruel punishment; the right to equality, free speech, religion, and belief; the right to marry and raise a family; and the right to an education, wellbeing, and minimal means for existence.
Once a country signs and ratifies an international convention, it is committed to honor the rights included in the document, adapt its domestic laws to satisfy the directives of the convention, establish an enforcement mechanism, and report periodically to international bodies on its success in meeting these directives. The principal international conventions dealing with human rights are as follows:

Convention on Civil and Political Rights (1966)

Convention on Social, Economic, and Cultural Rights (1966)

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (1966)

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979)

Convention Against Torture (1984)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)

Human Rights and Democracy

The system of democratic rule provides guarantees for protecting human rights in the most effective way possible. These guarantees presuppose the existence of democracy in both senses of the concept: preservation of the majority rule principle, together with the protection of basic values and minority rights from infringement by the majority.

Anchoring Human Rights in Basic Legislation

Many countries have chosen to guarantee human rights by including them in their own binding constitutional documents.